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Dec 26, 2018 · This means that a Smart Wireless network could experience up to 10 dB of attenuation and still have reliable communication at distances specified in the best practices.
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Aug 17, 2017 · As we go higher up in frequency the intensity of precipitation or rain starts to have a significant effect on atmospheric attenuation.
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The size and number of rain drops reduce the signal strength due to the scattering of the radio waves, while water vapour in the atmosphere absorbs the radio waves, converting them to heat (like in your microwave oven).
Most cellular communication i.e 2G/3G/4G use frequencies below 5 GHz which are not impacted that much by rain, however backhaul communication between base station and the ISP/network provider use higher frequencies (between 20 and 80 GHz). These higher frequencies are impacted by rain and thus can impact cellular communication.
The closer the size of particles in the air, including rain drops, is to the wavelength of the wireless signal the more attenuation is caused. Networks using the 2.4 GHz frequency band have a wavelength of 4.9in (12.5cm). Rain drops have a size of between 0.02 to 0.33 in (0.05 to 0.8 cm).
Emerson’s Smart Wireless networks are designed to have device to device lengths of up to ½ mile (800m) with link margins of 10 db. Because of this, rain will have no impact on reliability and distance of a properly planned and installed Smart Wireless network.
In addition to the the signal being absorbed by the atmosphere at particular frequencies, raindrops are roughly the same size as the radio wavelengths at higher frequencies which result in the scattering of RF signals which is a major cause of attenuation. This figure shows how the intensity of precipitation can affect atmospheric attenuation
2.4 GHz systems is much less for fog than rain. Data shows that the attenuation of dense fog is in the range of 0.01 db/mile (0.016 db/km). This is well below the attenuation impact that will be noticeable in well designed Smart Wireless networks that are installed according to best practices.
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